:root {
    --paper: #f8f7f3;
    --paper-deep: #eeece6;
    --surface: #fff;
    --ink: #242321;
    --muted: #625f59;
    --line: rgba(28, 27, 25, 0.18);
    --line-strong: rgba(28, 27, 25, 0.46);
    --accent: #921f2d;
    --accent-dark: #6f151f;
    --white: #fffdf8;
    --sans: "Noto Sans CJK SC", "Source Han Sans SC", "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", system-ui, sans-serif;
    --serif: "Noto Serif CJK SC", "Source Han Serif SC", "Songti SC", STSong, SimSun, Georgia, serif;
    --page-padding: clamp(32px, 6vw, 64px);
    --shell: min(1160px, calc(100vw - var(--page-padding)));
    --header-height: 76px;
}

*, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; }

html {
    scroll-behavior: smooth;
    text-size-adjust: 100%;
}

body {
    margin: 0;
    overflow-wrap: break-word;
    background: var(--paper);
    color: var(--ink);
    font-family: var(--sans);
    font-size: 16px;
    line-height: 1.7;
    -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
}

main { scroll-margin-top: calc(var(--header-height) + 12px); }

img { display: block; max-width: 100%; height: auto; }
a { color: inherit; text-decoration-thickness: 1px; text-underline-offset: 0.2em; }
button, input, select { font: inherit; }
button, a { touch-action: manipulation; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(146, 31, 45, 0.14); }
[hidden] { display: none !important; }
h1, h2, h3 {
    min-width: 0;
    overflow-wrap: anywhere;
    scroll-margin-top: calc(var(--header-height) + 28px);
    text-wrap: balance;
}

::selection { background: var(--accent); color: var(--white); }

:focus-visible {
    outline: 3px solid var(--accent);
    outline-offset: 4px;
}

.shell { width: var(--shell); margin-inline: auto; }

.skip-link {
    position: fixed;
    z-index: 1000;
    top: 12px;
    left: 12px;
    padding: 10px 16px;
    background: var(--ink);
    color: var(--white);
    transform: translateY(-160%);
}

.skip-link:focus { transform: translateY(0); }

.eyebrow,
.section-index {
    margin: 0;
    color: var(--accent);
    font-size: 0.7rem;
    font-weight: 750;
    letter-spacing: 0.09em;
    line-height: 1.5;
    text-transform: uppercase;
}

.button {
    display: inline-flex;
    min-height: 48px;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    padding: 0.72rem 1.2rem;
    border: 1px solid var(--ink);
    font-size: 0.82rem;
    font-weight: 750;
    letter-spacing: 0.03em;
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: background-color 160ms ease, border-color 160ms ease, color 160ms ease, transform 160ms ease;
}

.button--solid { background: var(--ink); color: var(--white); }
.button--line { background: transparent; }

.text-link {
    display: inline-flex;
    min-height: 44px;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.65rem;
    font-size: 0.82rem;
    font-weight: 750;
    text-decoration: none;
}

.text-link span { color: var(--accent); transition: transform 160ms ease; }

/* Global header */
.site-header {
    position: sticky;
    z-index: 100;
    top: 0;
    height: var(--header-height);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
    background: rgba(248, 247, 243, 0.97);
    backdrop-filter: blur(16px);
    transition: background-color 180ms ease, box-shadow 180ms ease;
}

.site-header.is-scrolled { background: rgba(248, 247, 243, 0.99); box-shadow: 0 1px 0 var(--line); }

.site-header__inner {
    display: flex;
    height: 100%;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: space-between;
    gap: 32px;
}

.brand {
    display: inline-flex;
    min-height: 44px;
    min-width: 0;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 14px;
    text-decoration: none;
}

.brand__mark {
    position: relative;
    flex: none;
    width: 56px;
    height: 52px;
    border-right: 1px solid var(--line-strong);
}

.brand__mark::before {
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 43px;
    height: 52px;
    background: var(--accent);
    content: "";
    -webkit-mask-image: url("../img/ndig-logo-source.3f4b25b5f23a.png");
    mask-image: url("../img/ndig-logo-source.3f4b25b5f23a.png");
    -webkit-mask-position: -4px center;
    mask-position: -4px center;
    -webkit-mask-repeat: no-repeat;
    mask-repeat: no-repeat;
    -webkit-mask-size: auto 52px;
    mask-size: auto 52px;
}

.brand__name {
    display: grid;
    min-width: 0;
    width: clamp(280px, 25vw, 312px);
    gap: 3px;
    line-height: 1.15;
}

.brand__name-cn,
.brand__name-en {
    overflow: hidden;
    text-align: justify;
    text-align-last: justify;
    white-space: nowrap;
}

.brand__name-cn {
    font-size: 0.76rem;
    font-weight: 720;
    letter-spacing: 0.025em;
}

.brand__name-en {
    overflow: hidden;
    color: var(--muted);
    font-size: 0.51rem;
    font-weight: 520;
    letter-spacing: 0.015em;
    line-height: 1.2;
}

.primary-nav { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: clamp(14px, 1.55vw, 24px); }

.primary-nav a,
.primary-nav summary {
    position: relative;
    display: inline-flex;
    min-height: 44px;
    align-items: center;
    font-size: 0.84rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    text-decoration: none;
    white-space: nowrap;
}

.primary-nav > a::after,
.primary-nav > .primary-nav__group > summary::after {
    position: absolute;
    right: 0;
    bottom: 6px;
    left: 0;
    height: 2px;
    background: var(--accent);
    content: "";
    transform: scaleX(0);
    transform-origin: right;
    transition: transform 170ms ease;
}

.primary-nav > a:hover::after,
.primary-nav > a[aria-current="page"]::after,
.primary-nav > .primary-nav__group > summary:hover::after,
.primary-nav > .primary-nav__group[data-current] > summary::after {
    transform: scaleX(1);
    transform-origin: left;
}
.primary-nav__group { position: relative; }
.primary-nav__group > summary {
    gap: 7px;
    cursor: pointer;
    list-style: none;
}
.primary-nav__group > summary::-webkit-details-marker { display: none; }
.primary-nav__group > summary::before {
    width: 5px;
    height: 5px;
    border-right: 1px solid currentcolor;
    border-bottom: 1px solid currentcolor;
    content: "";
    order: 2;
    transform: translateY(-2px) rotate(45deg);
    transition: transform 150ms ease;
}
.primary-nav__group[open] > summary::before { transform: translateY(1px) rotate(225deg); }
.primary-nav__submenu {
    position: absolute;
    top: calc(100% - 2px);
    left: -20px;
    z-index: 20;
    display: grid;
    width: max-content;
    min-width: 190px;
    padding: 10px 20px 14px;
    border: 1px solid var(--line);
    border-top: 2px solid var(--ink);
    background: var(--paper);
    box-shadow: 0 18px 34px rgba(20, 22, 21, 0.1);
}
.primary-nav__submenu a {
    min-height: 40px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
    color: var(--muted);
    font-size: 0.76rem;
    font-weight: 650;
}
.primary-nav__submenu a:last-child { border-bottom: 0; }
.primary-nav__submenu a:hover,
.primary-nav__submenu a[aria-current="page"] { color: var(--accent-dark); }
.primary-nav__submenu a::after { display: none; }
.primary-nav__search { color: var(--accent); }
.nav-toggle { display: none; }

/* Homepage */
.home-hero {
    padding: 72px 0 64px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ink);
}

.home-hero__grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 6.4fr) minmax(320px, 3.6fr);
    align-items: end;
    gap: clamp(52px, 6vw, 90px);
}

.home-hero__copy { min-width: 0; }

.home-hero h1 {
    max-width: 9.5em;
    margin: 0.22em 0 0.42em;
    font: 500 clamp(3.15rem, 4.2vw, 3.75rem)/1.12 var(--serif);
    letter-spacing: -0.018em;
    animation: hero-in 560ms both cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.75, 0.25, 1);
}

.home-hero__intro {
    max-width: 43rem;
    margin: 0 0 2.1rem;
    padding-left: 20px;
    border-left: 2px solid var(--accent);
    color: var(--muted);
    font-size: clamp(1rem, 1.1vw, 1.08rem);
    line-height: 1.8;
}

.actions { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 22px; flex-wrap: wrap; }

.home-hero__agenda { min-width: 0; border-top: 2px solid var(--ink); }
.home-hero__agenda > .eyebrow { padding: 16px 0 18px; color: var(--muted); }
.home-hero__agenda ol { margin: 0; padding: 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); list-style: none; }

.home-hero__agenda li {
    display: grid;
    padding: 17px 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
    grid-template-columns: 38px 1fr;
    gap: 2px 10px;
}

.home-hero__agenda li span { grid-row: 1 / span 2; color: var(--accent); font-size: 0.68rem; font-weight: 750; }
.home-hero__agenda li strong { font: 500 1.05rem/1.35 var(--serif); }
.home-hero__agenda li small { color: var(--muted); font-size: 0.72rem; line-height: 1.55; }

.home-hero__latest {
    position: relative;
    display: grid;
    padding: 18px 38px 0 0;
    gap: 4px;
    text-decoration: none;
}

.home-hero__latest::after { position: absolute; top: 20px; right: 2px; color: var(--accent); content: "→"; }
.home-hero__latest span,
.home-hero__latest time { color: var(--muted); font-size: 0.66rem; }
.home-hero__latest strong { font: 500 0.95rem/1.5 var(--serif); }
.home-hero__latest:hover strong { color: var(--accent-dark); }

.home-outputs {
    padding: 64px 0 68px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
    background: var(--paper-deep);
}

.home-outputs .section-heading { padding-bottom: 22px; }
.home-outputs .section-heading h2 { font-size: clamp(1.85rem, 2.5vw, 2.35rem); }
.research-output-list--home .research-output:last-child { border-bottom-color: var(--ink); }
.research-output--home {
    min-height: 0;
    padding: 21px 0 22px;
    grid-template-columns: minmax(124px, 1.35fr) minmax(0, 8fr) 28px;
}
.research-output--home .research-output__body h3 { font-size: clamp(1.08rem, 1.3vw, 1.24rem); }

.latest-section { padding: 72px 0 80px; }

.section-heading {
    display: flex;
    align-items: end;
    justify-content: space-between;
    gap: 40px;
    padding-bottom: 28px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ink);
}

.section-heading h2 {
    margin: 0.12em 0 0;
    font: 500 clamp(2rem, 3vw, 2.75rem)/1.12 var(--serif);
    letter-spacing: -0.02em;
}

.editorial-list { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line-strong); }

.editorial-row {
    position: relative;
    display: grid;
    min-height: 132px;
    padding: 23px 0;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
    grid-template-columns: minmax(126px, 1.35fr) minmax(0, 7fr) 170px;
    align-items: start;
    gap: 30px;
}

.editorial-row:first-child { border-top: 0; }
.editorial-row__meta { display: grid; gap: 7px; font-size: 0.76rem; }
.editorial-row__meta span { color: var(--accent); font-weight: 750; }
.editorial-row__meta time { color: var(--muted); font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; }

.editorial-row__main { min-width: 0; }
.editorial-row__main h2,
.editorial-row__main h3 {
    max-width: 34em;
    margin: 0 0 0.42em;
    font: 500 clamp(1.2rem, 1.55vw, 1.68rem)/1.38 var(--serif);
    letter-spacing: -0.008em;
}

.editorial-row__main a {
    background-image: linear-gradient(var(--accent), var(--accent));
    background-position: 0 100%;
    background-repeat: no-repeat;
    background-size: 0 1px;
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: background-size 190ms ease, color 160ms ease;
}

.editorial-row__main h2 a::after,
.editorial-row__main h3 a::after {
    position: absolute;
    inset: 0;
    content: "";
}

.editorial-row:focus-within {
    outline: 3px solid var(--accent);
    outline-offset: 4px;
}

.editorial-row__main h2 a:focus-visible,
.editorial-row__main h3 a:focus-visible { outline: 0; }

.editorial-row__main p {
    display: -webkit-box;
    overflow: hidden;
    max-width: 53rem;
    margin: 0;
    color: var(--muted);
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    line-height: 1.72;
    -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
    -webkit-line-clamp: 3;
}
.editorial-row__main small { display: block; margin-top: 10px; color: var(--muted); font-size: 0.76rem; }
.editorial-row__media { display: block; width: 170px; text-decoration: none; }
.editorial-row__image { width: 100%; aspect-ratio: 3 / 2; background: var(--paper-deep); object-fit: contain; filter: saturate(0.82); transition: filter 180ms ease, transform 180ms ease; }
.editorial-row__image--cover { object-fit: cover; }
.editorial-row__arrow { justify-self: end; color: var(--accent); font-size: 1.35rem; }
.editorial-list--home .editorial-row { grid-template-columns: minmax(126px, 1.35fr) minmax(0, 7fr) 30px; }
.empty-state { padding: 40px 0; color: var(--muted); }

.statement-section { padding: 78px 0 82px; border-block: 1px solid var(--line); background: var(--paper-deep); color: var(--ink); }
.statement-section__grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 24px; }
.statement-section h2 { max-width: 14em; margin: 0 0 0.55em; font: 500 clamp(2.15rem, 3.3vw, 3rem)/1.16 var(--serif); letter-spacing: -0.02em; }
.statement-section__text { max-width: 56rem; color: var(--muted); font-size: clamp(1.02rem, 1.25vw, 1.16rem); line-height: 1.85; }
.statement-section__text p { margin: 0; }

.featured-report { padding: 80px 0; background: var(--paper-deep); }
.featured-report__grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1.4fr 4.8fr 3fr; align-items: center; gap: 56px; }
.featured-report__grid--no-image .featured-report__body { grid-column: 2 / -1; }
.featured-report__body h2 { margin: 0.2em 0 0.45em; font: 500 clamp(2.1rem, 3vw, 3rem)/1.12 var(--serif); letter-spacing: -0.02em; }
.featured-report__body h2 a { text-decoration: none; }
.featured-report__title-phrase { display: inline-block; }
.featured-report__body > p:not(.eyebrow) { max-width: 42rem; margin-bottom: 2rem; color: var(--muted); }
.featured-report__grid > img { width: 100%; max-height: 590px; object-fit: cover; filter: saturate(0.76); }

.section-directory { padding: 80px 0 88px; }
.section-directory__list { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ink); }

.section-directory__list a {
    display: grid;
    min-height: 88px;
    padding: 18px 0;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
    grid-template-columns: 72px 2.3fr 4fr 32px;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 24px;
    text-decoration: none;
}

.section-directory__list a:first-child { border-top: 0; }
.section-directory__list span { color: var(--accent); font-size: 0.7rem; }
.section-directory__list strong { font: 500 clamp(1.15rem, 1.45vw, 1.45rem)/1.35 var(--serif); }
.section-directory__list small { color: var(--muted); font-size: 0.86rem; }
.section-directory__list i { justify-self: end; color: var(--accent); font-size: 1.15rem; font-style: normal; transition: transform 160ms ease; }

/* Archives and mastheads */
.page-masthead { padding: 54px 0 48px; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ink); }
.page-masthead__grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 2fr 8fr; gap: 60px; }
.page-masthead h1 { max-width: 14em; margin: 0; font: 500 clamp(2.65rem, 3.6vw, 3.35rem)/1.12 var(--serif); letter-spacing: -0.018em; }
.page-masthead__intro,
.page-masthead__lead { max-width: 50rem; margin-top: 1.2rem; color: var(--muted); font-size: clamp(1rem, 1.15vw, 1.12rem); }
.page-masthead__intro p { margin: 0; }

.archive { padding: 32px 0 76px; }
.archive__toolbar { display: flex; min-height: 76px; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; gap: 30px; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ink); }
.archive__toolbar > p { color: var(--muted); font-size: 0.8rem; }
.archive__toolbar strong { color: var(--ink); font: 500 1.35rem/1 var(--serif); font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; }
.archive__filters { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 3px 18px; }
.archive__filters button { min-height: 44px; padding: 8px 0; border: 0; border-bottom: 2px solid transparent; background: transparent; color: var(--muted); cursor: pointer; font-size: 0.8rem; }
.archive__filters button:hover,
.archive__filters button.is-active { border-color: var(--accent); color: var(--ink); }
.editorial-row--archive,
.editorial-row--archive.editorial-row--with-image { grid-template-columns: minmax(126px, 1.35fr) minmax(0, 7fr) 180px; }
.editorial-row--archive .editorial-row__media { width: 180px; }
.editorial-row__topics {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 5px 14px;
    margin: 12px 0 0;
    padding: 0;
    color: var(--muted);
    font-size: 0.7rem;
    list-style: none;
}
.editorial-row__topics li::before {
    margin-right: 0.35em;
    color: var(--accent);
    content: "·";
}

.archive-empty { max-width: 760px; padding: 64px 0 54px; }
.archive-empty h2 { margin: 0.32em 0 0.4em; font: 500 clamp(2.05rem, 3vw, 2.8rem)/1.14 var(--serif); letter-spacing: -0.018em; }
.archive-empty > p:not(.eyebrow) { max-width: 38rem; margin: 0 0 1.8rem; color: var(--muted); }

/* Research output catalog */
.research-output-catalog {
    padding: 28px 0 92px;
    background: var(--surface);
}

.research-output-filter {
    display: grid;
    align-items: end;
    margin-top: 0;
    padding: 22px 0;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--ink);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
    grid-template-columns: minmax(240px, 2.2fr) minmax(170px, 1fr) minmax(210px, 1.3fr) auto;
    gap: 18px;
}

.research-output-filter label { display: grid; gap: 7px; }
.research-output-filter label > span {
    color: var(--muted);
    font-size: 0.68rem;
    font-weight: 750;
    letter-spacing: 0.045em;
}

.research-output-filter input,
.research-output-filter select {
    width: 100%;
    min-width: 0;
    min-height: 48px;
    padding: 0 13px;
    border: 1px solid var(--line-strong);
    border-radius: 0;
    background: var(--surface);
    color: var(--ink);
}

.research-output-filter input:focus,
.research-output-filter select:focus { border-color: var(--accent); }

.research-output-filter__actions {
    display: flex;
    min-height: 48px;
    align-items: stretch;
    gap: 12px;
}

.research-output-filter__actions button {
    min-width: 82px;
    padding: 0 18px;
    border: 1px solid var(--ink);
    background: var(--ink);
    color: var(--white);
    cursor: pointer;
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    font-weight: 750;
}

.research-output-filter__actions a {
    display: inline-flex;
    min-height: 48px;
    align-items: center;
    color: var(--muted);
    font-size: 0.76rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    text-decoration: none;
}

.research-output-catalog__summary {
    display: flex;
    min-height: 62px;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: flex-end;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ink);
}

.research-output-catalog__summary p {
    margin: 0;
    color: var(--muted);
    font-size: 0.74rem;
}

.research-output-catalog__summary strong {
    color: var(--ink);
    font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
}

.research-output { 
    display: grid;
    min-height: 150px;
    align-items: start;
    padding: 27px 0 29px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
    grid-template-columns: minmax(130px, 1.5fr) minmax(0, 8fr) 28px;
    gap: 26px;
}

.research-output__meta {
    display: grid;
    align-content: start;
    gap: 6px;
    color: var(--muted);
    font-size: 0.69rem;
}

.research-output__meta span {
    color: var(--accent);
    font-weight: 750;
}

.research-output__meta time { font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; }
.research-output__body { min-width: 0; }
.research-output__body h3 {
    max-width: 60rem;
    margin: 0;
    font: 500 clamp(1.12rem, 1.45vw, 1.34rem)/1.42 var(--serif);
    letter-spacing: -0.005em;
    text-wrap: pretty;
}

.research-output__body h3 a {
    background-image: linear-gradient(currentColor, currentColor);
    background-position: 100% 100%;
    background-repeat: no-repeat;
    background-size: 0 1px;
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: background-size 180ms ease, color 160ms ease;
}

.research-output__authors {
    margin: 10px 0 0;
    color: var(--ink);
    font-size: 0.82rem;
}

.research-output__authors span {
    margin-left: 0.7rem;
    color: var(--muted);
    font-size: 0.68rem;
}

.research-output__details {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 5px 18px;
    margin: 9px 0 0;
    padding: 0;
    color: var(--muted);
    font-size: 0.72rem;
    list-style: none;
}

.research-output__details li:not(:first-child)::before {
    margin-right: 0.55rem;
    color: var(--accent);
    content: "·";
}

.research-output__summary {
    display: -webkit-box;
    overflow: hidden;
    max-width: 54rem;
    margin: 10px 0 0;
    color: var(--muted);
    font-size: 0.82rem;
    line-height: 1.7;
    -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
    -webkit-line-clamp: 3;
}

.research-output--with-image {
    grid-template-columns: minmax(130px, 1.5fr) minmax(0, 7.2fr) 156px;
}

.research-output__media {
    width: 156px;
    align-self: start;
}

.research-output__media img {
    width: 100%;
    aspect-ratio: 3 / 2;
    background: var(--paper-deep);
    object-fit: cover;
    filter: saturate(0.82);
    transition: filter 180ms ease, transform 180ms ease;
}

.research-output__arrow {
    padding-top: 2px;
    color: var(--accent);
    font-size: 1.05rem;
}

.research-output-empty { padding: 52px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.research-output-empty h3 { margin: 0 0 0.35rem; font: 500 1.6rem/1.3 var(--serif); }
.research-output-empty p { margin: 0 0 0.8rem; color: var(--muted); }

/* Long-form pages */
.article-header { padding: 28px 0 48px; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ink); }
.breadcrumbs { display: flex; overflow: hidden; align-items: center; gap: 8px; margin-bottom: 32px; color: var(--muted); font-size: 0.76rem; white-space: nowrap; }
.breadcrumbs a { display: inline-flex; min-height: 32px; flex: none; align-items: center; padding-inline: 2px; text-decoration: none; }
.breadcrumbs a:hover { color: var(--accent); }
.breadcrumbs span:last-child { overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; }
.article-header__grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 2fr 8fr; gap: 60px; }
.article-header__grid > * { min-width: 0; }
.article-header h1 { max-width: 18em; margin: 0; overflow-wrap: anywhere; font: 500 clamp(2.3rem, 3.3vw, 3.25rem)/1.16 var(--serif); letter-spacing: -0.015em; }
.article-header__summary { max-width: 56rem; margin: 1.25rem 0; color: var(--muted); font-size: clamp(1rem, 1.1vw, 1.08rem); line-height: 1.82; }
.article-header__byline { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 8px 26px; color: var(--muted); font-size: 0.8rem; }
.article-header__byline time { font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; }
.article-hero { max-width: 1120px; margin-top: 28px; background: var(--paper-deep); }
.article-hero img { width: auto; max-width: 100%; max-height: 72vh; margin-inline: auto; object-fit: contain; }

.article-layout {
    display: grid;
    padding-top: 48px;
    padding-bottom: 72px;
    grid-template-columns: minmax(180px, 240px) minmax(0, 760px);
    justify-content: center;
    gap: clamp(48px, 6vw, 84px);
}

.article-meta { position: sticky; top: 100px; align-self: start; }
.article-meta dl { margin: 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--ink); }
.article-meta dl > div { display: grid; padding: 13px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); grid-template-columns: 78px 1fr; gap: 14px; }
.article-meta dt { color: var(--muted); font-size: 0.74rem; }
.article-meta dd { margin: 0; overflow-wrap: anywhere; font-size: 0.78rem; }
.article-meta dd a { color: var(--accent); }
.topic-list { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 7px; margin-top: 22px; }
.topic-list span { padding: 4px 8px; border: 1px solid var(--line); font-size: 0.72rem; }

.article-body,
.article-body .rich-text { min-width: 0; max-width: 760px; }
.article-body { font-size: 1.02rem; line-height: 1.88; }
.content-block { margin-block: 0 1.65rem; }
.content-block--heading { margin-top: 3.4rem; font: 500 clamp(1.65rem, 2.2vw, 2rem)/1.28 var(--serif); letter-spacing: -0.018em; }
.article-body .rich-text h2,
.article-body .rich-text h3 { margin: 2.7em 0 0.72em; font: 500 1.75rem/1.25 var(--serif); }
.article-body .rich-text p { margin: 0 0 1.45em; }
.article-body .rich-text a { color: var(--accent); }
.article-body .rich-text ul,
.article-body .rich-text ol { padding-left: 1.5em; }
.article-body .rich-text li { margin-bottom: 0.55em; }
.article-body .rich-text hr { margin: 3.4rem 0; border: 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--line-strong); }
.article-body .rich-text table {
    display: block;
    overflow-x: auto;
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 100%;
    border-collapse: collapse;
    overscroll-behavior-inline: contain;
    white-space: nowrap;
}
.article-body .rich-text th,
.article-body .rich-text td { padding: 10px 14px; border: 1px solid var(--line); text-align: left; }
.article-body .rich-text th { background: var(--paper-deep); }

.content-figure { margin: 3.2rem 0; }
.content-figure img { width: auto; max-width: 100%; margin-inline: auto; }
.content-figure figcaption { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; gap: 20px; padding-top: 10px; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); color: var(--muted); font-size: 0.7rem; }
.content-figure figcaption small { font: inherit; }
.content-quote { margin: 3.5rem 0; padding: 1.15rem 0 1.15rem 1.8rem; border-left: 3px solid var(--accent); }
.content-quote p { margin: 0; font: 500 clamp(1.45rem, 2.4vw, 2.1rem)/1.4 var(--serif); }
.content-quote cite { display: block; margin-top: 1rem; color: var(--muted); font-size: 0.72rem; font-style: normal; }
.document-link { display: grid; min-height: 64px; padding: 17px 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--ink); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ink); grid-template-columns: 1fr auto; text-decoration: none; }
.document-link small { grid-column: 1; color: var(--muted); }
.document-link i { grid-column: 2; grid-row: 1 / span 2; color: var(--accent); font-size: 1.35rem; font-style: normal; }
.editor-note { margin-bottom: 3.4rem; padding: 24px; border-top: 2px solid var(--accent); background: var(--paper-deep); }
.editor-note > p { margin: 0 0 0.9rem; color: var(--accent); font-size: 0.7rem; font-weight: 750; letter-spacing: 0.11em; }
.editor-note .rich-text p { margin: 0; }
.source-notice { padding: 24px; background: var(--paper-deep); color: var(--muted); }
.primary-download { display: grid; gap: 12px; margin: 3.8rem 0; padding: 27px 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--ink); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ink); }
.primary-download > p { margin: 0; color: var(--muted); font-size: 0.72rem; }
.primary-download .button { justify-self: start; }
.primary-download small { overflow-wrap: anywhere; color: var(--muted); font-size: 0.65rem; }
.citation { margin: 3.8rem 0; padding: 24px; border: 1px solid var(--line); }
.citation p { margin: 0 0 0.8rem; color: var(--accent); font-size: 0.7rem; font-weight: 750; }
.citation blockquote { margin: 0; color: var(--muted); font-size: 0.82rem; }
.external-source { margin-top: 3.8rem; padding-top: 17px; border-top: 1px solid var(--ink); }
.external-source a { display: flex; min-height: 44px; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; font-weight: 750; text-decoration: none; }
.external-source span { color: var(--accent); }
.content-actions { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 12px; margin-top: 2.2rem; }
.content-actions .button { gap: 12px; }
.content-block--embed .responsive-object { overflow: hidden; max-width: 100%; }
.content-block--embed iframe { max-width: 100%; }

.article-navigation { border-top: 1px solid var(--ink); }
.article-navigation__grid { display: grid; padding-top: 36px; padding-bottom: 44px; grid-template-columns: 1.2fr 2fr; gap: 64px; }
.article-navigation a { display: grid; min-width: 0; min-height: 76px; align-content: start; gap: 7px; padding: 15px 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--line-strong); text-decoration: none; }
.article-navigation a span { color: var(--accent); font-size: 0.74rem; font-weight: 750; }
.article-navigation a strong { overflow: hidden; font: 500 1.05rem/1.45 var(--serif); text-overflow: ellipsis; }
.article-navigation__siblings { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 32px; }
.article-navigation a:hover strong { color: var(--accent-dark); }

/* People */
.people-directory { padding: 32px 0 88px; }
.team-tabs {
    display: grid;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--ink);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ink);
    grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
}
.team-tabs a {
    position: relative;
    display: flex;
    min-height: 72px;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: space-between;
    gap: 16px;
    padding: 0 22px;
    border-right: 1px solid var(--line);
    color: var(--muted);
    text-decoration: none;
}
.team-tabs a:first-child { padding-left: 0; }
.team-tabs a:last-child { padding-right: 0; border-right: 0; }
.team-tabs a::after {
    position: absolute;
    right: 22px;
    bottom: -1px;
    left: 22px;
    height: 3px;
    background: var(--accent);
    content: "";
    opacity: 0;
    transform: scaleX(0.4);
    transition: opacity 150ms ease, transform 180ms ease;
}
.team-tabs a:first-child::after { left: 0; }
.team-tabs a:last-child::after { right: 0; }
.team-tabs a:hover,
.team-tabs a[aria-selected="true"] { color: var(--ink); }
.team-tabs a[aria-selected="true"]::after { opacity: 1; transform: scaleX(1); }
.team-tabs span { font: 500 1.05rem/1.35 var(--serif); }
.people-directory__heading,
.official-account-archive__heading {
    display: flex;
    min-height: 72px;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: space-between;
    gap: 28px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ink);
    color: var(--muted);
    font-size: 0.76rem;
}
.people-directory__heading p,
.official-account-archive__heading p { margin: 0; }
.people-directory__heading strong,
.official-account-archive__heading strong {
    margin-right: 0.25em;
    color: var(--ink);
    font: 500 1.45rem/1 var(--serif);
    font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
}
.people-grid {
    display: grid;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ink);
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
    column-gap: 48px;
}
.person-row {
    position: relative;
    display: grid;
    min-width: 0;
    min-height: 280px;
    padding: 28px 0;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
    grid-template-columns: 142px minmax(0, 1fr);
    gap: 24px;
}
.person-row:nth-child(-n + 2) { border-top: 0; }
.person-row__portrait {
    overflow: hidden;
    width: 142px;
    align-self: start;
    aspect-ratio: 4 / 5;
    background: var(--paper-deep);
    text-decoration: none;
}
.person-row__portrait img { width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; filter: saturate(0.82); transition: filter 180ms ease, transform 180ms ease; }
.person-row__portrait > span {
    display: grid;
    height: 100%;
    place-items: center;
    color: var(--muted);
    font: 500 3rem/1 var(--serif);
}
.person-row__body { min-width: 0; }
.person-row h2 { margin: 0 0 5px; font: 500 1.55rem/1.25 var(--serif); }
.person-row h2 a { text-decoration: none; }
.person-row h2 a::after { position: absolute; inset: 0; content: ""; }
.person-row__role {
    margin: 0 0 12px;
    color: var(--muted);
    font-size: 0.78rem;
    line-height: 1.55;
}
.person-row__areas {
    display: flex;
    margin: 0 0 12px;
    padding: 0;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    color: var(--accent-dark);
    font-size: 0.72rem;
    line-height: 1.5;
    list-style: none;
}
.person-row__areas li:not(:last-child)::after { margin: 0 0.55em; color: var(--line-strong); content: "／"; }
.person-row__summary {
    display: -webkit-box;
    overflow: hidden;
    margin: 0;
    color: var(--muted);
    font-size: 0.78rem;
    line-height: 1.7;
    -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
    -webkit-line-clamp: 3;
}
.person-row__more { display: inline-flex; min-height: 36px; align-items: end; gap: 9px; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 0.72rem; font-weight: 750; text-decoration: none; }
.person-row__more span { color: var(--accent); }
.person-row:focus-within { outline: 3px solid var(--accent); outline-offset: 4px; }
.person-row h2 a:focus-visible { outline: 0; }

.researcher-header { padding: 28px 0 52px; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ink); }
.researcher-header__grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: minmax(230px, 300px) minmax(0, 760px);
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: end;
    gap: clamp(48px, 7vw, 96px);
}
.researcher-header__portrait {
    display: grid;
    overflow: hidden;
    width: 100%;
    aspect-ratio: 4 / 5;
    place-items: center;
    background: var(--paper-deep);
    color: var(--muted);
    font: 500 5rem/1 var(--serif);
}
.researcher-header__portrait img { width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; }
.researcher-header h1 {
    margin: 0.2em 0 0.12em;
    font: 500 clamp(2.6rem, 4vw, 3.55rem)/1.12 var(--serif);
    letter-spacing: -0.02em;
}
.researcher-header__role { margin: 0 0 1.25rem; color: var(--accent-dark); font-size: 0.94rem; font-weight: 700; line-height: 1.6; }
.researcher-header__summary { max-width: 48rem; margin: 0; color: var(--muted); font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.82; }
.researcher-header__areas { display: flex; margin: 1.5rem 0 0; padding: 0; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 7px 18px; list-style: none; }
.researcher-header__areas li { position: relative; padding-left: 13px; font-size: 0.76rem; }
.researcher-header__areas li::before { position: absolute; top: 0.75em; left: 0; width: 4px; height: 4px; border-radius: 50%; background: var(--accent); content: ""; }
.researcher-layout {
    display: grid;
    padding-top: 56px;
    padding-bottom: 96px;
    grid-template-columns: minmax(210px, 250px) minmax(0, 760px);
    justify-content: center;
    gap: clamp(54px, 7vw, 92px);
}
.researcher-facts { position: sticky; top: 100px; align-self: start; }
.researcher-facts dl { margin: 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--ink); }
.researcher-facts dl > div { padding: 13px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.researcher-facts dt { margin-bottom: 4px; color: var(--muted); font-size: 0.68rem; }
.researcher-facts dd { margin: 0; overflow-wrap: anywhere; font-size: 0.76rem; line-height: 1.6; }
.researcher-facts a { color: var(--accent-dark); }
.researcher-facts__link-note {
    display: block;
    margin-top: 3px;
    color: var(--muted);
    font-size: 0.7rem;
    line-height: 1.55;
}
.researcher-profile section { padding: 0 0 46px; }
.researcher-profile section + section { padding-top: 43px; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.researcher-profile h2 { margin: 0 0 1.05em; font: 500 clamp(1.65rem, 2.2vw, 2rem)/1.25 var(--serif); }
.researcher-profile .rich-text { color: var(--ink); font-size: 0.94rem; line-height: 1.9; }
.researcher-profile .rich-text p { margin: 0 0 1.25em; }
.researcher-profile .rich-text ul,
.researcher-profile .rich-text ol { margin: 0; padding-left: 1.4em; }
.researcher-profile .rich-text li { margin-bottom: 0.65em; padding-left: 0.25em; }
.researcher-profile .rich-text a { color: var(--accent-dark); }

/* Official account archive */
.official-account-masthead__note {
    display: flex;
    max-width: 30rem;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 14px;
    margin-top: 22px;
    padding-top: 18px;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
}
.official-account-masthead__note > span {
    display: grid;
    width: 52px;
    height: 52px;
    flex: none;
    place-items: center;
    background: var(--ink);
    color: var(--white);
    font-size: 0.68rem;
    font-weight: 750;
}
.official-account-masthead__note p { display: grid; margin: 0; gap: 1px; }
.official-account-masthead__note strong { font: 500 1rem/1.4 var(--serif); }
.official-account-masthead__note small { color: var(--muted); font-size: 0.7rem; }
.official-account-archive { padding: 32px 0 88px; }
.official-account-list { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ink); }
.official-account-row {
    position: relative;
    display: grid;
    min-height: 150px;
    padding: 26px 0;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
    grid-template-columns: minmax(120px, 1.2fr) minmax(0, 6fr) minmax(110px, 1fr);
    gap: 32px;
}
.official-account-row:first-child { border-top: 0; }
.official-account-row__date { display: grid; align-content: start; gap: 7px; font-size: 0.72rem; }
.official-account-row__date time { color: var(--muted); font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; }
.official-account-row__date span { color: var(--accent); font-weight: 750; }
.official-account-row__body { min-width: 0; }
.official-account-row__body h2 { margin: 0 0 0.45em; font: 500 clamp(1.25rem, 1.65vw, 1.65rem)/1.38 var(--serif); }
.official-account-row__body h2 a { text-decoration: none; }
.official-account-row__body h2 a::after { position: absolute; inset: 0; content: ""; }
.official-account-row__body p { max-width: 52rem; margin: 0; color: var(--muted); font-size: 0.84rem; line-height: 1.72; }
.official-account-row__body small { display: block; margin-top: 8px; color: var(--muted); font-size: 0.7rem; }
.official-account-row__links { display: grid; align-content: start; justify-items: end; gap: 4px; }
.official-account-row__links a { position: relative; z-index: 1; display: inline-flex; min-height: 36px; align-items: center; gap: 5px; font-size: 0.7rem; font-weight: 750; text-decoration: none; }
.official-account-row__links a:last-child { color: var(--accent-dark); }
.official-account-row:focus-within { outline: 3px solid var(--accent); outline-offset: 4px; }
.official-account-row__body h2 a:focus-visible { outline: 0; }
/* Standard pages, search, errors */
.standard-hero { max-width: 1120px; padding-top: 44px; }
.standard-hero img { width: 100%; max-height: 68vh; object-fit: contain; }
.standard-layout,
.search-results__grid { display: grid; padding-top: 56px; padding-bottom: 88px; grid-template-columns: 2fr 8fr; gap: 60px; }

.standard-empty { border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.standard-empty h2 { max-width: 14em; margin: 0 0 0.45em; font: 500 clamp(2.05rem, 3vw, 2.75rem)/1.14 var(--serif); letter-spacing: -0.018em; }
.standard-empty h2 + p { max-width: 46rem; margin: 0 0 2rem; color: var(--muted); }
.standard-empty__links { display: grid; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ink); grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
.standard-empty__links a { display: flex; min-height: 62px; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; gap: 18px; padding: 8px 16px 8px 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); text-decoration: none; }
.standard-empty__links a:nth-child(even) { padding-left: 16px; border-left: 1px solid var(--line); }
.standard-empty__links i { color: var(--accent); font-style: normal; }

.page-masthead--search { padding-bottom: 66px; }
.search-form { max-width: 760px; margin-top: 40px; }
.search-form label { display: block; margin-bottom: 9px; color: var(--muted); font-size: 0.72rem; }
.search-form > div { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr auto; border-bottom: 2px solid var(--ink); transition: border-color 160ms ease, box-shadow 160ms ease; }
.search-form > div:focus-within { border-color: var(--accent); box-shadow: 0 3px 0 rgba(146, 31, 45, 0.14); }
.search-form input { min-width: 0; padding: 15px 0; border: 0; background: transparent; color: var(--ink); font: 500 clamp(1.15rem, 2vw, 1.8rem)/1.25 var(--serif); }
.search-form input:focus-visible { outline: 3px solid var(--accent); outline-offset: 5px; }
.search-form input::placeholder { color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--muted) 72%, transparent); }
.search-form button { min-width: 82px; min-height: 48px; padding: 0 18px; border: 0; background: var(--ink); color: var(--white); cursor: pointer; font-weight: 750; }
.search-form__error { margin: 10px 0 0; color: var(--accent-dark); font-size: 0.8rem; }
.result-count { margin: 0 0 26px; color: var(--muted); font-size: 0.74rem; }
.search-result { padding: 27px 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.search-result > p { margin: 0 0 8px; color: var(--accent); font-size: 0.7rem; font-weight: 750; }
.search-result h2 { margin: 0 0 0.45rem; font: 500 clamp(1.3rem, 2vw, 1.85rem)/1.3 var(--serif); }
.search-result h2 a { text-decoration: none; }
.search-result h2 a:hover { color: var(--accent-dark); }
.search-result > div { max-width: 48rem; color: var(--muted); font-size: 0.86rem; }
.search-result mark { padding: 0 0.08em; background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--accent) 16%, transparent); color: inherit; }
.pagination { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; margin-top: 40px; font-size: 0.76rem; }
.pagination a { display: inline-flex; min-height: 44px; align-items: center; font-weight: 750; }
.pagination span { color: var(--muted); }
.empty-state--large { padding: 20px 0 96px; }
.empty-state--large h2 { margin: 0 0 0.5rem; color: var(--ink); font: 500 clamp(1.9rem, 2.8vw, 2.6rem)/1.14 var(--serif); }

.error-page { min-height: 62vh; padding: 80px 0; }
.error-page__grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 2fr 8fr; gap: 60px; }
.error-page__grid > p { margin: 0; color: var(--accent); font: 750 1rem/1 var(--sans); }
.error-page h1 { max-width: 11em; margin: 0; font: 500 clamp(3rem, 4.3vw, 4rem)/1.08 var(--serif); letter-spacing: -0.02em; }
.error-page h1 + p { max-width: 34rem; margin: 2rem 0; color: var(--muted); }

/* Footer */
.site-footer { padding: 48px 0 25px; background: var(--ink); color: var(--white); }
.site-footer__top { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.2fr) minmax(360px, 0.8fr); gap: 72px; }
.site-footer__brand { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 20px; }
.site-footer__mark {
    flex: none;
    width: 55px;
    height: 66px;
    background: #d34b5b;
    -webkit-mask-image: url("../img/ndig-logo-source.3f4b25b5f23a.png");
    mask-image: url("../img/ndig-logo-source.3f4b25b5f23a.png");
    -webkit-mask-position: -6px center;
    mask-position: -6px center;
    -webkit-mask-repeat: no-repeat;
    mask-repeat: no-repeat;
    -webkit-mask-size: auto 66px;
    mask-size: auto 66px;
}
.site-footer__wordmark { width: min(100%, 390px); }
.site-footer__name {
    margin: 0;
    font: 500 clamp(1.08rem, 1.35vw, 1.25rem)/1.35 var(--serif);
    letter-spacing: 0.03em;
    text-align: justify;
    text-align-last: justify;
}
.site-footer__english {
    margin: 0.38rem 0 0;
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.58);
    font-size: 0.66rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.025em;
    line-height: 1.3;
    text-align: justify;
    text-align-last: justify;
}
.site-footer__statement { max-width: 34rem; margin: 0.55rem 0 0; color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.58); }
.site-footer__nav { display: grid; align-content: start; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 4px 28px; }
.site-footer__nav a,
.site-footer__contact a { display: inline-flex; min-height: 44px; align-items: center; font-size: 0.82rem; text-decoration: none; }
.site-footer__nav a:hover,
.site-footer__contact a:hover { color: #f17b88; }
.site-footer__contact { display: grid; grid-column: 2; align-content: start; gap: 10px; font-size: 0.82rem; }
.site-footer__contact address { color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.58); font-style: normal; }
.site-footer__bottom { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; gap: 30px; padding-top: 21px; border-top: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2); color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.48); font-size: 0.66rem; letter-spacing: 0.035em; }
.site-footer__bottom p { margin: 0; }

@media (hover: hover) {
    .button:hover { transform: translateY(-2px); }
    .button--solid:hover { border-color: var(--accent); background: var(--accent); }
    .button--line:hover { background: var(--ink); color: var(--white); }
    .text-link:hover span { transform: translateY(3px); }
    .research-output:hover .research-output__body h3 a { background-size: 100% 1px; color: var(--accent-dark); }
    .research-output:hover .research-output__media img { filter: saturate(1); transform: scale(1.012); }
    .research-output-filter__actions button:hover { border-color: var(--accent); background: var(--accent); }
    .editorial-row:hover .editorial-row__main a { background-size: 100% 1px; color: var(--accent-dark); }
    .editorial-row:hover .editorial-row__image { filter: saturate(1); transform: scale(1.012); }
    .section-directory__list a:hover i { transform: translate(3px, -3px); }
    .person-row:hover .person-row__portrait img { filter: saturate(1); transform: scale(1.018); }
    .person-row:hover h2,
    .official-account-row:hover h2 { color: var(--accent-dark); }
}

@keyframes hero-in {
    from { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(14px); }
    to { opacity: 1; transform: translateY(0); }
}

@media (max-width: 1024px) {
    :root { --header-height: 72px; }
    .brand__name { width: 276px; }
    .brand__name-cn { font-size: 0.72rem; }
    .brand__name-en { font-size: 0.47rem; }
    .primary-nav { gap: 14px; }
    .primary-nav a { font-size: 0.78rem; }
    .home-hero__grid { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 6fr) minmax(300px, 4fr); gap: 48px; }
    .home-hero h1 { font-size: clamp(3rem, 4.8vw, 3.5rem); }
    .featured-report__grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr 4fr 3fr; gap: 36px; }
    .people-grid { column-gap: 34px; }
    .person-row { grid-template-columns: 120px minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 20px; }
    .person-row__portrait { width: 120px; }
    html.nav-open,
    body.nav-open { overflow: hidden; overscroll-behavior: none; }
    .site-header,
    .site-header.is-scrolled { height: 72px; }
    .brand { gap: 12px; }
    .site-header__inner { gap: 14px; }

    .nav-toggle { display: inline-flex; min-width: 52px; min-height: 44px; align-items: center; justify-content: flex-end; gap: 10px; padding: 8px 0; border: 0; background: transparent; color: var(--ink); cursor: pointer; font-size: 0.72rem; font-weight: 750; }
    .nav-toggle i,
    .nav-toggle i::before { display: block; width: 20px; height: 1px; background: var(--ink); content: ""; transition: transform 160ms ease; }
    .nav-toggle i::before { transform: translateY(6px); }
    .nav-toggle[aria-expanded="true"] i { transform: rotate(45deg); }
    .nav-toggle[aria-expanded="true"] i::before { transform: rotate(-90deg); }

    .primary-nav {
        position: fixed;
        top: 72px;
        right: 0;
        bottom: 0;
        left: 0;
        display: grid;
        height: calc(100dvh - 72px);
        overflow-y: auto;
        overscroll-behavior: contain;
        padding: 15px 18px max(26px, env(safe-area-inset-bottom));
        border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ink);
        background: var(--paper);
        opacity: 0;
        pointer-events: none;
        transform: translateY(-8px);
        visibility: hidden;
        transition: opacity 150ms ease, transform 180ms ease, visibility 0s linear 180ms;
    }

    .primary-nav.is-open { opacity: 1; pointer-events: auto; transform: translateY(0); visibility: visible; transition-delay: 0s; }
    .primary-nav > a,
    .primary-nav__group > summary { min-height: 58px; padding: 10px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); font: 500 1.28rem/1.25 var(--serif); }
    .primary-nav > a::after,
    .primary-nav__group > summary::after { display: none; }
    .primary-nav a[aria-current="page"] { color: var(--accent); }
    .primary-nav__group { position: static; }
    .primary-nav__group > summary { justify-content: space-between; }
    .primary-nav__submenu {
        position: static;
        width: auto;
        min-width: 0;
        padding: 2px 0 8px 20px;
        border: 0;
        background: transparent;
        box-shadow: none;
    }
    .primary-nav__submenu a {
        min-height: 48px;
        padding: 7px 0;
        font: 500 1rem/1.35 var(--serif);
    }
    .primary-nav__search { color: inherit; }

    .home-hero { padding: 48px 0 52px; }
    .home-hero__grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; align-items: start; gap: 44px; }
    .home-hero h1 { max-width: 9.5em; font-size: clamp(2.65rem, 7.2vw, 3.35rem); }
    .home-hero__copy { max-width: 680px; }
    .home-hero__agenda { max-width: 680px; }
    .latest-section,
    .home-outputs,
    .section-directory { padding: 64px 0 72px; }
    .editorial-row { grid-template-columns: 106px 1fr 108px; gap: 20px; }
    .editorial-row--archive,
    .editorial-row--archive.editorial-row--with-image { grid-template-columns: 106px minmax(0, 1fr) 108px; }
    .editorial-row__media { width: 108px; }
    .editorial-list--home .editorial-row { grid-template-columns: 106px minmax(0, 1fr) 26px; }
    .statement-section__grid,
    .page-masthead__grid,
    .article-header__grid,
    .standard-layout,
    .search-results__grid,
    .error-page__grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 32px; }
    .statement-section { padding: 60px 0 64px; }
    .featured-report__grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr 3fr; }
    .featured-report__grid > img { grid-column: 2; }
    .section-directory__list a { grid-template-columns: 52px 1.7fr 3fr 28px; }
    .page-masthead { padding: 52px 0 46px; }
    .page-masthead h1 { font-size: clamp(2.45rem, 6.7vw, 3rem); }
    .research-output-filter { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
    .research-output-filter label:first-child { grid-column: 1 / -1; }
    .research-output-filter__actions { align-items: center; }
    .research-output--with-image { grid-template-columns: 106px minmax(0, 1fr) 122px; }
    .research-output__media { width: 122px; }
    .article-header__grid { gap: 22px; }
    .article-header h1 { font-size: clamp(2.15rem, 5.8vw, 2.75rem); }
    .article-layout { grid-template-columns: 1fr; padding-top: 42px; gap: 38px; }
    .article-meta { position: static; }
    .article-meta dl { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
    .article-meta dl > div { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
    .article-body { max-width: none; }
    .article-navigation__grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 20px; }
    .people-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
    .team-tabs { overflow-x: auto; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(150px, 1fr)); scrollbar-width: none; }
    .team-tabs::-webkit-scrollbar { display: none; }
    .person-row:nth-child(2) { border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
    .person-row { min-height: 255px; grid-template-columns: 150px minmax(0, 1fr); }
    .person-row__portrait { width: 150px; }
    .researcher-header__grid { grid-template-columns: minmax(200px, 250px) minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 42px; }
    .researcher-layout { grid-template-columns: 200px minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 42px; }
    .official-account-row { grid-template-columns: 106px minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 24px; }
    .official-account-row__links { grid-column: 2; justify-items: start; grid-auto-flow: column; justify-content: start; gap: 18px; }
    .site-footer__top { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
    .site-footer__identity { grid-column: 1 / -1; }
    .site-footer__contact { grid-column: 2; }
}

@media (max-width: 767px) {
    body { font-size: 16px; }
    .brand { gap: 8px; }
    .brand__mark { width: 45px; height: 44px; }
    .brand__mark::before {
        width: 36px;
        height: 44px;
        -webkit-mask-position: -3px center;
        mask-position: -3px center;
        -webkit-mask-size: auto 44px;
        mask-size: auto 44px;
    }
    .brand__name { width: clamp(168px, calc(100vw - 150px), 220px); gap: 2px; }
    .brand__name-cn { font-size: 0.65rem; }
    .brand__name-en { font-size: 0.405rem; letter-spacing: 0; }
    .site-header__inner { gap: 8px; }
    .home-hero { padding: 42px 0 48px; }
    .home-hero h1 { margin-top: 0.3em; font-size: clamp(2.25rem, 10vw, 2.65rem); line-height: 1.12; }
    .home-hero__intro { padding-left: 14px; font-size: 0.96rem; }
    .actions { align-items: flex-start; gap: 8px; flex-direction: column; }
    .home-hero__agenda { margin-top: 2px; }
    .section-heading { align-items: start; flex-direction: column; gap: 15px; }
    .section-heading h2 { font-size: 2rem; }
    .editorial-row,
    .editorial-row--archive,
    .editorial-row--archive.editorial-row--with-image,
    .editorial-list--home .editorial-row { min-height: 0; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 92px; gap: 15px; }
    .editorial-row__meta { display: flex; grid-column: 1 / -1; justify-content: space-between; }
    .editorial-row__main { grid-column: 1 / -1; }
    .editorial-row--with-image .editorial-row__main { grid-column: 1; }
    .editorial-row__main h2,
    .editorial-row__main h3 { font-size: 1.25rem; }
    .editorial-row__main p { font-size: 0.88rem; -webkit-line-clamp: 4; }
    .editorial-row--with-image .editorial-row__main p { display: none; }
    .editorial-row__media,
    .editorial-row--archive .editorial-row__media { width: 92px; grid-column: 2; grid-row: 2; align-self: start; }
    .editorial-row__arrow { grid-column: 2; grid-row: 2; }
    .featured-report { padding: 64px 0; }
    .featured-report__grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
    .featured-report__grid--no-image .featured-report__body { grid-column: 1; }
    .featured-report__grid > img { grid-column: 1; }
    .section-directory__list a { grid-template-columns: 36px 1fr 22px; gap: 10px; }
    .section-directory__list strong { grid-column: 2; }
    .section-directory__list small { grid-column: 2; font-size: 0.84rem; }
    .section-directory__list i { grid-column: 3; grid-row: 1 / span 2; }
    .archive__toolbar { align-items: flex-start; flex-direction: column; padding: 16px 0; }
    .archive__toolbar > p { margin: 0; }
    .archive__filters { gap: 2px 14px; }
    .research-output-catalog { padding: 20px 0 72px; }
    .research-output-filter {
        margin-top: 0;
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 14px;
    }
    .research-output-filter label:first-child { grid-column: auto; }
    .research-output-filter__actions { justify-content: flex-start; }
    .research-output {
        min-height: 0;
        grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 24px;
        gap: 14px;
    }
    .research-output--with-image {
        grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 92px;
    }
    .research-output__meta {
        display: flex;
        grid-column: 1 / -1;
        justify-content: space-between;
    }
    .research-output__body { grid-column: 1; }
    .research-output__arrow { grid-column: 2; grid-row: 2; }
    .research-output__media { width: 92px; grid-column: 2; grid-row: 2; }
    .research-output__body h3 { font-size: 1.08rem; }
    .research-output__details { display: grid; gap: 3px; }
    .research-output__details li:not(:first-child)::before { display: none; }
    .page-masthead { padding: 40px 0 38px; }
    .page-masthead__grid { gap: 24px; }
    .page-masthead h1 { font-size: clamp(2rem, 9vw, 2.25rem); line-height: 1.15; }
    .page-masthead__intro,
    .page-masthead__lead { margin-top: 0.8rem; font-size: 0.95rem; }
    .breadcrumbs { margin-bottom: 28px; }
    .article-header { padding-bottom: 42px; }
    .article-header h1 { font-size: clamp(2rem, 8.8vw, 2.35rem); }
    .article-header__summary { margin: 1.25rem 0; }
    .article-meta dl { display: block; }
    .article-meta dl > div { grid-template-columns: 82px 1fr; }
    .article-layout { padding-bottom: 72px; }
    .content-quote { padding-left: 1.15rem; }
    .standard-layout,
    .search-results__grid { padding-top: 48px; padding-bottom: 72px; }
    .search-form > div { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
    .search-form button { width: 100%; }
    .standard-empty__links { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
    .standard-empty__links a:nth-child(even) { padding-left: 0; border-left: 0; }
    .article-navigation__siblings { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 12px; }
    .people-directory { padding-bottom: 72px; }
    .team-tabs {
        overflow: visible;
        width: auto;
        margin-left: 0;
        padding: 0;
        grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
    }
    .team-tabs a {
        min-width: 0;
        min-height: 76px;
        align-items: flex-start;
        justify-content: center;
        padding: 10px;
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 4px;
    }
    .team-tabs a:first-child { padding-left: 0; }
    .team-tabs a:last-child { padding-right: 0; }
    .team-tabs span { font-size: 0.88rem; line-height: 1.35; }
    .team-tabs a::after { right: 10px; left: 10px; }
    .team-tabs a:first-child::after { left: 0; }
    .team-tabs a:last-child::after { right: 0; }
    .people-directory__heading,
    .official-account-archive__heading { align-items: flex-start; min-height: 66px; padding: 15px 0; flex-direction: column; justify-content: center; gap: 2px; }
    .person-row { min-height: 0; grid-template-columns: 108px minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 17px; }
    .person-row__portrait { width: 108px; }
    .person-row h2 { font-size: 1.35rem; }
    .person-row__summary { display: none; }
    .person-row__areas { font-size: 0.68rem; }
    .person-row__more { margin-top: 5px; }
    .researcher-header { padding-bottom: 42px; }
    .researcher-header__grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; align-items: start; gap: 28px; }
    .researcher-header__portrait { width: min(68vw, 260px); }
    .researcher-header h1 { font-size: 2.65rem; }
    .researcher-layout { grid-template-columns: 1fr; padding-top: 42px; padding-bottom: 72px; gap: 44px; }
    .researcher-facts { position: static; }
    .researcher-facts dl { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
    .researcher-facts dl > div { padding-right: 16px; }
    .researcher-profile section { padding-bottom: 36px; }
    .researcher-profile section + section { padding-top: 34px; }
    .official-account-row { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 12px; }
    .official-account-row__date { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; }
    .official-account-row__links { grid-column: 1; grid-auto-flow: column; }
    .site-footer { padding-top: 44px; }
    .site-footer__top { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 32px; }
    .site-footer__nav { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 2px 18px; }
    .site-footer__contact { grid-column: 1; }
    .site-footer__bottom { align-items: flex-start; flex-direction: column; gap: 5px; }
}

@media (max-width: 360px) {
    .site-header__inner { gap: 6px; }
    .brand__name { width: clamp(185px, calc(100vw - 135px), 220px); }
    .brand__name-cn { font-size: clamp(0.625rem, 2.9vw, 0.65rem); }
    .brand__name-en { font-size: clamp(0.345rem, 1.7vw, 0.405rem); }
    .nav-toggle {
        min-width: 44px;
        width: 44px;
        justify-content: center;
    }
    .nav-toggle span {
        position: absolute;
        width: 1px;
        height: 1px;
        overflow: hidden;
        clip-path: inset(50%);
        white-space: nowrap;
    }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
    html { scroll-behavior: auto; }
    *, *::before, *::after {
        animation-duration: 0.01ms !important;
        animation-iteration-count: 1 !important;
        scroll-behavior: auto !important;
        transition-duration: 0.01ms !important;
    }
}